The Digital Dilemma: Evaluating the Thresholds of "use of Force" and Distinction in State-Sponsored Cyber Operations
Joanna Belsess, I. Introduction, Questions Predicament:November 16, 202510.5281/zenodo.17620716Pages 593–601 (9 pages)
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Abstract
Cyberspace has become a vital arena of conflict, representing a significant challenge to existing international law. State-supported cyber activities—spanning from disruptive actions such as NotPetya to damaging acts like Stuxnet—can cause societal damage similar to that of
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